Forest Trails
Doug McMillan
Yavapai County Native & Naturalized Plants
   
 
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Plant Image
Plant - summer
Pioneer Park
Sue Smith
Plant Image
Leaves
Lynx Creek
Sue Smith
Plant Image
Flowers
Forest Trails
Doug McMillan
Plant Image
Acorns
Willow Lake
Sue Smith
Plant Image
Bark
Pioneer Park
Sue Smith
Plant Image
Bark
Prescott area
Jeff Schalau
Plant Description

Origin: Native
General Description: Spring-deciduous. Often has a very upright growth habit, evergreen, spring-deciduous, lustrous green leaves. Slow growth.
Identification notes: Leaves mostly dark green on both sides, oblong, shiny, spines on margins. Lower leaf surface not strongly net-veined. Bark is black on mature trees. Shrub or a tree, but can reach a height of 40 feet or more; often has a very upright growth habit.
Height: 40 feet     Width: 40 feet


Habitat

Habitat Description: Chaparral, pinyon-juniper, oak woodlands and ponderosa pine woodlands.
Plant Communities: Interior Chaparral, Pinyon Juniper Woodland, Montane Conifer Forest, Riparian
Elevation: 3000 - 8000 feet


Flowers

Color: Yellowish-green   Shape: Inconspicuous in elongated clusters    Tubular: N   Flowering Period: Apr - May
Description: Tiny male and females flowers on the same plant. Males in long drooping catkins, yellowish-green. Females solitary or in short spikes in leaf axils, appearing with the leaves.


Leaves

Leaf Color: Yellowish-green to dark green   Type: Simple   Shape: Round or oval   Margin: Toothed   Attachment: Alternate   Hairs: Bottom of leaves
Description: Narrowly ovate to broadly lance shaped, thick, stiff and leathery, 1 to 3 inches long with a spiny tip and some spiny teeth on the margins. Shiny yellowish-green to dark green and smooth above, paler but smooth below with maybe a few hairs.


Fruit

Color: Light brown   Type: Acorn or acorn-like   Description: Oblong acorn 1/2 to 3/4 inch long with lower third covered by a hairy, thick, scaly, bowl-shaped cup. Ripens in 1 season in early fall.


Bark/Branches

Bark Color: Gray to black   Bark Texture (Mature): Rough   Bark and Branch Description: Becoming quite thick and splitting into irregular furrows and scaly ridges with rectangular plates. Twigs are fuzzy and yellowish-brown. Trunk up to 2-1/2 feet in diameter.
Spines, thorns or prickles: Y

  Arizona Cooperative Extension
Yavapai County
840 Rodeo Dr #C
Prescott, AZ 86305
(928) 445-6590
Version 8.0  
http://cales.arizona.edu/yavapaiplants/SpeciesDetail.php  
Last Updated: Dec 13, 2022
Content Questions/Comments: Email Matt Halldorson  
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